Susan Block, Sibylle Brosch, Ashley Craig, Kurt Eggers, Harald Euler, Dobrinka Georgieva, Matt Jason V. Llamas, Gerald A. Maguire, Stephanie Wong & J. Scott Yaruss 

An overview is given about fundamentals in stuttering therapy. Criteria for evidence-based approaches for the treatment of stuttering are defined, considering meta-analyses, comprehensive reviews and retrospective client evaluations. The necessity of evidence of effectiveness is underlined. A high-level overview is given of different approaches to treating stuttering across the lifespan, providing a survey as a springboard for future exploration of the efficacy and appropriateness of different therapeutic strategies. Basic knowledge of psychological treatment in fluency disorders is introduced, presenting cognitive (behavioural) therapy, personal construct therapy, narrative therapy and mindfulness- and acceptance-based therapy. A brief overview of technology used in the treatment of stuttering is provided, and technological options are discussed. Basic principles regarding the neuropharmacological treatment of stuttering are reviewed, and the potential therapeutic benefits of medications are addressed when delivered in an interdisciplinary care model. Prognostic aspects are presented considering the evaluation tools of outcome.